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What are intrauterine devices, IUDs, coils and how do they work?

IUDs are small T-shaped devices that are made of plastic and copper. A doctor can put one inside your womb and you can check it is still in place by feeling for the threads high in the vagina. They stop eggs being fertilised, or stop a fertilised egg embedding itself in the womb lining. They are very effective. IUDs start to work as soon as they are in place and can last for between 5 and 10 years, they can be removed at any time. IUDs are less commonly used in younger women, or those who have not had children. If they are fitted in women who are over 40 years of age they can be left until after the menopause.

 

 

 

Can young people use IUDs?

IUDs are sometimes suitable for younger women, especially if they are unable to use hormonal methods. You can discuss this with a doctor at a family planning clinic, or with your GP, or with staff at a genitourinary medicine clinic, who will refer you to a family planning clinic if they think it is the best thing for you.

 

 

 

Are there any disadvantages of using IUDs?

With an IUD, you might get heavier periods that last for longer and are more painful and so they are not suitable for women who usually have heavy, painful periods. In this case women can often use an IUS instead.

 

 

 

Can IUDs protect against infections?

IUDs don't protect against infections. You should also use either a male condom, or a female condom if you are concerned.

 

 

 

Can they be used for emergency contraception?

Sometimes. IUDs can be used as emergency contraception if they are used within 5 days of unprotected sexual intercourse.

 

 

 

What are intrauterine systems, IUSs, and how do they work?

IUSs are small T-shaped devices that are made of plastic and contain progestogen hormone. They stop sperm fertilising an egg and make the womb lining unsuitable for implantation. They are more than 99% effective, in fact they are as effective as female sterilisation. The IUS starts to work as soon as it is in place. It can last for up to 5 years but can be removed at any time.

 

 

 

Are there fewer disadvantages of using IUSs compared with IUDs?

IUSs have an advantage over IUDs because periods get lighter and shorter, although you might get irregular, light bleeding for the first six months or so. They are, therefore, useful for women who usually have heavy or painful periods. Some women might, rarely, experience some side effects such as breast tenderness and acne.

Can young people use IUSs?

IUSs are rarely used for girls or young women because they can be more difficult to place them, especially if you have never had children.

 

 

 

 

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